Objectives: In this study, the nursing implications of caring and caring efficacy were examined through literature review, and the complex concept of caring efficacy was analyzed by fusion of Watson and Bandura’s theories. Methods: In order to examine the nursing definition of caring efficacy, domestic and foreign literature and studies related to caring, self-efficacy, and caring efficacy were mainly explored and analyzed in three stages. Results: It was confirmed that the three common features of nursing definitions of caring are that they target ‘whole humans’, ‘relationship between nurse and subject’, and ‘process’. The attributes of caring efficacy were not composed of one but multiple attributes of caring. Compared with the definitions in other studies, the combined meaning of ‘self-efficacy for caring’ was similar, but it was found that the nursing definition in the meaning of ‘caring’ is a more comprehensive and multidimensional concept. Conclusions: Caring efficacy is not a single concept, but a complex concept, and it can be explained by a conceptual framework of caring efficacy derived from Watson’s human care theory and Bandura’s social learning theory.